Stomach acid burnings| GERD | Gastroesophageal reflux disease | Heartburn | Complications | Treatment

GERD

 

What is GERD?

GERD stands for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. The food we eat passes from the mouth through the oesophagus to the stomach. There is a valve at the lower end of the oesophagus. When this valve opens, food enters the stomach and the valve closes completely. Once this valve is closed, food and stomach acid cannot re-enter the oesophagus. Thus one-way traffic moves smoothly. In people who suffer from GERD, this valve does not close completely. Therefore, the eaten food and stomach acid re-enters the oesophagus in the opposite way. This is called GERD.

The lining of the oesophagus is very delicate. When stomach acid comes in contact with this lining, it causes a burning sensation in the chest or throat. It can also cause a feeling of sour water in the throat. Occasional heartburn doesn't always mean GERD. But if the pain occurs two or more times a week, it is more likely to be GERD. GERD can have serious consequences in the future.

GERD can be caused by several factors:

Hiatal hernia: This is a condition in which part of your stomach pushes upward through the diaphragm, the muscle that separates your chest from your abdomen.

Weakened lower oesophageal sphincter: This is a muscle that closes in the lower part of your oesophagus to prevent stomach acid from flowing back up.

Complications due to GERD:

GERD not only affects the daily quality of life but can also cause many other serious side effects.

1. Inflammation of the oesophagus.

2. Narrowing of the oesophagus.

3. Barrett oesophagus: Can lead to oesophageal cancer.

While devising a treatment plan for GERD the following sequence should be followed – 1. Control the symptoms 2. Treat the inflammation of the oesophagus. 3. Prevention of recurrent esophagitis and other complications.

Treatment of GERD includes the following

1. Medication - Medications to reduce stomach acid: antacids or PPIs.

2. Lifestyle Changes:

The following lifestyle changes may be helpful if you have GERD:

1. Lose weight if you are overweight- This reduces the pressure inside the abdomen and thus helps in reducing the symptoms.

2. Avoid smoking – Smoking damages the lining of the digestive tract and can make your symptoms worse.

3. Eat small meals three times a day instead of big meals. Also, take dinner three to four hours before sleeping.

4. Alcohol, coffee, chocolate, tomatoes, oily or spicy food can aggravate the symptoms of GERD. Any of these foods that aggravate your symptoms should be avoided.

5. Place a piece of wood or brick at a distance of about 20 cm at the head of your bed. (8 inches) should rise. This helps reduce your symptoms. Excess drops should not be used as this may increase the pressure inside the abdomen.

Commonly Asked Questions about GERD?

Q: What are the 4 symptoms of GERD?

Answer: Symptoms and causes of GER and GERD:

Pain in chest

Nausea

Difficulty swallowing or pain while swallowing.

Signs of complications in the mouth, throat, or lungs, such as a severe cough or hoarseness.

Q: What is the main cause of GERD?

Answer: GERD is a digestive disorder. This is caused by gastric acid flowing from your stomach into your oesophagus (oesophagus). Heartburn is the most common symptom of GERD. Some lifestyle problems that can lead to GERD include being overweight, eating large meals, consuming caffeine and alcohol, and eating chocolate and spicy foods.

Q: Is GERD a serious problem?

Answer: GER is a serious condition. Doctors usually treat with medication. GERD can become a problem if left untreated. This is because over time, stomach acid damages the tissue lining the oesophagus, causing inflammation and pain.

Q: How can I treat my GERD?

Answer: Try: Maintain a healthy weight.

Do not smoke.

Elevate the head of your bed.

Start on your left side.

Don't sleep after eating.

Eat food slowly and chew it well.

Avoid foods and beverages that trigger reflux.

Avoid tight fitting clothes.

Q: Can GERD be cured permanently?

Answer: GERD is a common digestive disorder. Although you can manage some symptoms with medication, you may wonder if GERD can be permanently cured. Yes, it is possible to get better with surgery and lifestyle changes, or a combination of both.

Q: Can GERD go away on its own?

Answer: If you're an adult with GERD, it won't go away on its own, but there are treatments that can help you manage it, including: Over-the-counter medications such as antacids.